A Cohort Study on Early Stages of Heart Failure

All-cause mortality rate

All-cause mortality rate of different stages of heart failure

Prevalence of early heart failure

The prevalence of early heart failure was defined as morbidity of stage A heart failure and stage B heart failure. Stage A HF was defined as at risk for HF but without current or previous symptoms/signs of HF and without structural/functional heart disease or abnormal biomarkers.(eg. patients with hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes, obesity, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter or tumour). Stage B HF was defined as no symptoms or signs of HF and evidence of one of the following:1) EF value\<52 in male and \<54 in female. 2) Increased NT-proBNP levels (≥125 pg/ml) or elevated TnT levels (\>0.017ng/ml).

Progress of heart failure of Stage A

The morbidity rate of stage B heart failure, stage C heart failure and stage D heart failure in stage A heart failure patients in 2 year, 6 years and 10 years. Stage A HF was defined as at risk for HF but without current or previous symptoms/signs of HF and without structural/functional heart disease or abnormal biomarkers.(eg. patients with hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes, obesity, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter or tumour). Stage B HF was defined as no symptoms or signs of HF and evidence of one of the following:1)EF value\<52 in male and \<54 in female.2) Increased NT-proBNP levels (≥125 pg/ml) or elevated TnT levels (\>0.017ng/ml). Stage C/D HF was defined as previous history of HF or structural heart disease with current or previous symptoms of HF (eg. dyspnea, swelling of both lower extremities), diagnosed by two cardiac specialists.

Progress of heart failure of Stage B

The morbidity rate of stage C heart failure and stage D heart failure in stage B heart failure patients in 2 year, 6 years and 10 years. Stage B HF was defined as no symptoms or signs of HF and evidence of one of the following:1)EF value\<52 in male and \<54 in female.2) Increased NT-proBNP levels (≥125 pg/ml) or elevated TnT levels (\>0.017ng/ml). Stage C/D HF was defined as previous history of HF or structural heart disease with current or previous symptoms of HF (eg. dyspnea, swelling of both lower extremities), diagnosed by two cardiac specialists.

Progress of heart failure of Stage C

The morbidity rate of stage D heart failure in stage C heart failure patients in 2 year, 6 years and 10 years. Stage C HF was defined as previous history of HF or structural heart disease with current or previous symptoms of HF (eg. dyspnea, swelling of both lower extremities). Stage D HF was defined as Marked HF symptoms that interfere with daily life and with recurrent hospitalizations despite attempts to optimize GDMT.