Acute Effects of Foam Rolling and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching
ConditionAthletes
Trial statusRecruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age18-30
SponsorAcibadem University
About this trial
The hamstring muscle is one of the key elements in rehabilitation programs and sports activities that enable the restoration of optimal muscle length. Decreased flexibility in the hamstring muscle may disrupt the biomechanics of the waist and pelvis, leading to low back pain or musculoskeletal disorders.
This study aims to investigate the acute effects of foam rolling and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching during warm-up on muscle flexibility, strength, and pain threshold in amateur athletes. According to our research, there is no study in this field in the literature.
H1: There is a difference between the acute effects of foam rolling exercise and PNF stretching exercise on muscle flexibility during warm-up in amateur athletes.
H2: There is a difference between the effects of foam rolling and PNF stretching exercises used as warm-up exercises on muscle strength.
H3: Foam rolling and PNF stretching exercises applied to the Hamstring muscle as a warm-up exercise make a difference in the pain threshold of the lumbar region and Hamstring muscle.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Being between the ages of 18-30
Being an amateur athlete
Disqualifiers
Hypermobility
History of hamstring injury in the last 6 months
Diagnosed orthopedic problems
Surgery in the lower extremity or spine
Trial design
Design model
Crossover
Treatments tested in this trial
Foam Rolling
Other interventionParticipants will take a long sitting position on a solid and flat surface, positioning their arms back and transferring their body weight to their palms. The foam roller to be applied to the dominant side will be placed under the hamstrings and slowly moved back and forth from the ischial tuberosity to the popliteal fossa, applying pressure for 2 minutes.
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching
Other interventionA PNF stretching protocol will be implemented with each participant assuming a tall sitting position on a solid, flat surface with their knees extended as much as possible. At this moment, the participant will be asked to perform maximum isometric hamstring muscle contraction for 5 seconds, followed by 5 seconds of relaxation and 20 seconds of stretching.
Treatment groups
80 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groupsGroup A: Group 1 Training ProgramExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: Group 2 Training ProgramExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Hamstring Flexibility
Hamstring flexibility (mm) will be evaluated with the sit-reach test. Baseline® Sit and Reach Flexibility Measurement device will be used for testing. Participants will sit on the floor with their lower extremities extended and together; Their backs and hips will be supported against the wall, and the soles of their feet will be placed on the edge of the device. Participants will then extend their arms forward, with both hands facing down and one hand on top of the other (always the same hand on top). Participants will then be asked to lie forward and slide their hands as far as possible on the measurement scale without bending their knees. Measurements will be repeated three times and the average value will be recorded.
Time frame
Pre-intervention and immediately after the intervention2
Hamstring Muscle Strength
Strength measurement of the participants' Hamstring muscles will be made using a digital hand dynamometer (J Tech Commender Muscle Tester). Participants will be instructed to sit in a fairly upright position in a chair, with their arms crossed in front of their chest and their legs hanging over the edge, with their knees and hips flexed at 90°. For isometric knee flexion muscle measurement evaluation, the dynamometer will be placed in the sural triceps region (5 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus). Participants press the dynamometer as hard as possible for three seconds, while the assessor will provide resistance, preventing any movement to achieve an isometric contraction.
Time frame
Pre-intervention and immediately after the intervention3
Pain Threshold
An algometer (Dolorimeter) will be used to objectively measure pain threshold and pain tolerance. The pain threshold value due to the pressure to be applied to the hamstring muscle and waist area will be measured using an electronic algometer (Algometer, Baseline FDK 10) while the athlete is in a prone position on the bed. The algometer will be applied vertically to the most painful point, increasing the pressure by 1kg/cm2 every three seconds until the patient feels pain. The pressure value that causes the feeling of pain will be determined as the pain threshold.
Time frame
Pre-intervention and immediately after the interventionSecondary outcomes
1
Lower Extremity Muscle Strength
A vertical jump test will be performed to evaluate the participants' lower extremity muscle strength. The measurement has two stages; measuring reach height, measuring jump height. 1. Measuring reach height: The athlete stands with his feet flat on the ground. He/she is asked to raise his/her arms up from the side of the body. The point his fingers reach is recorded. 2. Measuring the jump height: The athlete is asked to move away from the wall. The starting position is with feet shoulder-width apart and knees extended. After the hips and knees are bent, the athlete is asked to jump. The athlete reaches the highest point he can reach with his hands. The length of this point is recorded.
Time frame
Pre-intervention and immediately after the interventionSponsors and contacts
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
Acibadem University
Lead sponsor
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
Collaborator
Source ClinicalTrials.gov