This study is a single-center, prospective, observational clinical trial enrolling patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3-4aN0M0 and cT1-4aN1-2M0). By collecting tissue and blood samples at multiple timepoints, and integrating multi-omics data including ctDNA mutations, copy number variations, and mtDNA profiles, a multi-omics model will be constructed to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer.
1: Signed a written informed consent form and voluntarily participated in this study
2: Aged 18-75 years, regardless of sex
3: Histopathologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma
4: Clinical stage II-III as assessed by MRI (according to the AJCC 8th edition)
1: History of allergy to monoclonal antibodies, any component of tislelizumab, or capecitabine
2: Prior or ongoing receipt of any tumor-directed surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, etc
3: Presence of any active autoimmune disease or history of autoimmune disease
4: History of immunodeficiency, including a positive HIV test result, other acquired or congenital immunodeficiency disorders, or history of organ transplantation or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation