Community Interventions for Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance in Ghana
ConditionUpper Resp Tract Infection
Trial statusNot yet recruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age18+
SponsorPenn State University
About this trial
This research project aims to test the effect of two interventions targeted to community pharmacies in the Greater Accra region, Ghana, on antibiotics dispensing rates. The general goal is to inform the design of future policies to address the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Operating within the Greater Accra region of Ghana
Registered with Ghana Pharmacy Council
"Stand-alone", i.e., not affiliated or next to a hospital
Disqualifiers
Operating only outside the Greater Accra region of Ghana
Not registered with Ghana Pharmacy Council
Hospital pharmacy
Trial design
Design model
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Individualized Feedback
BehavioralWe use information from the baseline visits (e.g., on whether they give antibiotics without a prescription and the time they spend with patients) to provide customized feedback to the pharmacies.
Legal Reminder
BehavioralWe provide a letter from the authorities in Ghana emphasizing that providing antibiotics without a physician prescription is against the law.
Treatment groups
285 Participants
are divided into 3 treatment groupsGroup A: ControlNo intervention 0 interventions
Group B: Individualized FeedbackExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group C: Legal ReminderExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Non-prescription antibiotics dispensing rate
Whether the pharmacy dispenses antibiotics without prescription in scenarios not requiring them
Time frame
From baseline (1st SP visit) to the final SP visit (visit 5), lasting approximately 5 months.Secondary outcomes
1
Watch or reserve antibiotics
Whether the dispensed antibiotics fall into the Watch or Reserve category in the WHO AWaRE classification.
Time frame
From baseline (1st SP visit) to the final SP visit (visit 5), lasting approximately 5 months.2
Out-of-pocket costs to patients
Amount patients spend out-of-pocket on medications including antibiotics.
Time frame
From baseline (1st SP visit) to the final SP visit (visit 5), lasting approximately 5 months.3
Referral to a physician
Whether the pharmacist recommends the patient to see a doctor before antibiotics can be dispensed.
Time frame
From baseline (1st SP visit) to the final SP visit (visit 5), lasting approximately 5 months.4
History taking
Number of questions asked by the pharmacist based on a pre-specified checklist of appropriate history taking behavior
Time frame
From baseline (1st SP visit) to the final SP visit (visit 5), lasting approximately 5 months.Sponsors and contacts
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
Penn State University
Lead sponsor
University of Ghana
Collaborator
Source ClinicalTrials.gov
This trial is not recruiting at the moment. You can still explore other options: