Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a common chronic shoulder disorder with symptoms including shoulder pain, limitations in both active and passive range of motion, and muscle weakness, which significantly affects daily functional abilities. The investigator applied upper limb exoskeleton-assisted therapy. This experiment used a randomized controlled trial to assess the clinical rehabilitation effects of exoskeleton-assisted range of motion and resistance training on patients with frozen shoulder.
Patients diagnosed by a clinician with frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis in the stiff phase.
The patient has a loss of at least 50% of passive joint range of motion (including of shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation) on the affected shoulder compared to the relatively healthy shoulder.
Individuals with osteoarthritis or other skeletal conditions of the shoulder joint.
Individuals with any contraindications to treatment, such as joint fusion, severe osteoporosis, or symptoms of any peripheral nerve compression.
Individuals with untreated joint dislocations, fractures, or tendon ruptures.
Individuals who have received steroid injections within the month prior to the study.