About this trial
A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover study will be conducted. Fourteen patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and 29 patients with proteinuric kidney disease will receive ketone bodies (Ketone-IQ) and placebo in a randomized order. Each treatment period is four weeks. There will be a wash-out period of two weeks in between treatment periods. Effect variables will be measured in the last day of each treatment period.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
ACR > 200 mg/g <3000 mg/g
eGFR >30 ml/min/1,73m2
Treatment with Renin-Angiotension System (RAS) blockers and SGLT-2 inhibitors for a minimum of 4 weeks prior to inclusion
Safe contraception if women in childbearing age
Disqualifiers
Diabetes Mellitus type 1
Heart Failure
Liver Disease
Kidney transplant
Trial design
Crossover
Treatments tested in this trial
Ketone Diol, R-1,3-butanediol (Ketone-IQ)
Dietary supplementEffect variables will be measured on the last day of treatment with Ketone-IQ
Placebo drink
Other interventionEffect variables will be measured on the last day of treatment with Placebo
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Proteinuria
Mean difference between Log UACR after 4 weeks treatment with ketone bodies and placebo (primary outcome study a)
GFR
Mean difference between GFR measured by Technetium99 (Tc99m) - Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid (DTPA) clearance after 4 weeks treatment with ketone bodies and placebo (primary outcome study b, secondary outcome in study a)
Secondary outcomes
Aldosterone
Mean difference in plasma levels of aldosterone (pmol/L) after 4 weeks treatment with ketone bodies and placebo
P-Beta-hydroxybutyrate
Change ind p-beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration
Excretion rate of renal tubular transport proteins
Mean difference between urine excretion rate of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) (pq/min), thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC)(pg/min), and distal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)(pg/min) after 4 weeks treatment with ketone bodies and placebo
24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure
Mean difference between systolic and diastolic 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (mmHg) after treatment with ketone bodies and placebo.
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