The management of many brain pathologies involves obtaining a functional and histological diagnosis and performing neurosurgery when possible. Histological diagnosis makes it possible to differentiate healthy areas from pathological areas. Functional diagnosis allows the identification of brain areas to be spared during neurosurgery in order to avoid any permanent post-operative disability.
The visual analysis of the color and texture of the brain by the trained eye of the neurosurgeon is largely part of his operating practice. It allows it to differentiate between healthy and pathological areas. Likewise, color variations linked to the functional activation of brain areas are sometimes visible to the naked eye. However, this approach is not optimal due to the limits of human vision. It is also very strongly dependent on the experience and expertise acquired by the neurosurgeon. This approach is therefore largely limited in many operating contexts: low visual contrasts, less experienced neurosurgeon.
Adult from both sex
Neurosurgery requiring a functional diagnosis by cortical electrical stimulation OR a histological diagnosis with or without fluorescent agent (5-ALA) for a tumor pathology or epilepsy or an arteriovenous malformation.
Patient able to sign a non-opposition
Impaired renal function defined by the presence of creatinine clearance less than 30ml/min
Patient under treatment with beta-blocker
Contraindication to performing an MRI (pacemaker)
Contraindication to the use of electrical cortical stimulation