The purpose of this research is to measure brain activity in individuals with mood disorders and memory problems using a simple, safe, and noninvasive method called functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). By comparing brain activity across different groups and relating it to symptom severity, this study aims to improve our understanding of how these conditions affect the brain.
18 years and older
Ability to provide written informed consent
Adequate cognitive and language abilities to understand and complete study tasks, including clinical assessments and fNIRS procedures
Confirmed clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
Active primary psychotic or substance use disorders (except nicotine dependence) within the past year
Any severe or unstable medical condition that could interfere with participation or data collection
Any active neurological condition (including seizure disorder, traumatic brain injury, stroke) that could affect cognitive functioning or brain imaging results
Inability to comply with study procedures, including cognitive testing, fNIRS assessment, or other assessments required by the protocol