Olfactory Function and Model-Based Behavior in People Living With HIV and SUD
Trial statusNot yet recruiting
Trial phaseNot listed
Trial typeObservational
Biological sexAll
Age18-65
SponsorNational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
About this trial
Background:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can affect areas of the brain that control thinking ability. These same areas of the brain also control the sense of smell. HIV infection is common in people with substance use disorder (SUD). SUD also affects thinking ability. Researchers want to learn more about the connection between the sense of smell and decision-making ability in people with HIV, SUD, or both.
Objective:
To test the sense of smell in people with HIV and/or SUD and how they make choices based on odors.
Eligibility:
People aged 18 to 65 years with any of these: (1) HIV, (2) SUD, (3) both HIV and SUD, or (4) neither SUD nor HIV.
Design:
Participants will have 2 visits. Each visit will last 3 to 5 hours.
In visit 1, participants will have a blood draw and a saliva swab. They will answer questions about their health, sleep habits, food intake, and substance use. They will have smell tests:
They will smell scented sticks and answer questions about them. They will be blindfolded for some tests.
They will perform tasks on a computer. They will look at pictures and smell pleasant food odors, such as chocolate cake or pizza. Smells will be delivered using a nasal mask. Their sniffing and breathing will be measured. They may also be exposed to odor-free air. They will eat food that corresponds to one of the food odors they smelled.
In visit 2, participants will do a saliva swab and a different computer task that involves odors. They will also have tests of their attention and memory. Participants may opt to have an imaging scan of the brain.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
Aged 18-65 years old. Justification: prevalence of olfactory impairments increases with age; after age 53, the prevalence is 24.5 percent, increasing to 62.5 percent in people ages 80-97.
Agreement to adhere to Lifestyle Considerations throughout study duration.
Ability of subject to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
Disqualifiers
History of neurological illnesses or neurosurgery including but not limited to cerebrovascular accident, Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, central nervous system (CNS) tumor, significant head trauma with sequelae, multiple sclerosis or other demyelinating diseases, epilepsy, movement disorders. The MAI will also retain discretion to exclude based on a history of a neurological illness or trauma that may compromise data integrity.
History of current (past 12 months) uncontrolled major DSM-5 psychiatric disorder including major affective disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, or posttraumatic stress disorder, excluding SUD.
Candidates who recently (12 hours prior to a study visit) used medications and/or substances that are psychoactive or otherwise affect alertness will have to pass a clinical assessment for intoxication on the day of the study visit. Based on participant preferences and MAI/PI judgment, participants who fail the clinical assessment for intoxication will either be withdrawn or rescheduled.
History of clinically significant anaphylaxis, e.g., due to severe asthma or food and nonfood allergies (e.g., latex, detergents, soap, etc.). The MAI will retain discretion to exclude a participant based on this criterion.
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- Not listed
Trial groups
120 Participants
are grouped into 4 trial groupsSponsors and collaborators
Source ClinicalTrials.gov