The study is being conducted to evaluate the efficacy, and safety of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray for preoperative sedation in adults. To explore the reasonable dosage of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray for preoperative sedation.
ECOG physical condition 0-1 point.
Advanced unresectable or metastatic breast cancer confirmed by histopathology or cytopathology.
Menopausal Status.
Previous treatments: (New) adjuvant endocrine therapy combined or not combined with CDK4/6 inhibitors during or within 12 months after treatment, including recurrence/metastasis, shall be counted as one line of endocrine therapy and one line of CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy (such as combined CDK4/6 inhibitors); Relapse/metastasis during (new) adjuvant chemotherapy or within 6 months after the end of treatment (whichever occurs later), counted as one line of chemotherapy.
Patients with active (uncontrolled or symptomatic) brain metastases, cancerous meningitis, spinal cord compression, or a history of primary CNS tumors; patients with brain metastases who have completed treatment at least 28 days prior to first use of the study drug and are asymptomatic can be considered for enrollment if they have been confirmed asymptomatic by cranial imaging studies such as CT, MRI, or venography without evidence of cerebral hemorrhage, and have completed treatment at least 28 days before the first use of the study drug.
Patients with a history of severe cardiovascular disease, including: (1) Congestive heart failure (NYHA Class>2); (2) Severe/unstable angina, new angina within the last 3 months; (3) Myocardial ischemia requiring long-term medication control; patients with NYHA Class III-IV heart failure; (4) Acute myocardial infarction within the last 6 months; (5) Any grade 2 or higher supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmia that requires treatment or intervention; (6) Atrial fibrillation, coronary/peripheral artery bypass grafts, or cerebrovascular symptoms including transient ischemic attacks.
Patients with factors affecting oral medication intake, such as difficulty swallowing or intestinal obstruction, or have active gastrointestinal diseases or other diseases that may significantly affect drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion (active inflammatory bowel disease or chronic diarrhea, enterocolitis or upper gastrointestinal surgery, including gastrectomy).
Patients with uncontrollable third space effusions (such as large ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion) or cancerous lymphedema.