This randomized controlled trial evaluates the effect of diode laser pre-treatment on the retention and caries prevention of giomer-based fissure sealants in young adults aged 17-22 years. The study compares sealant application with and without diode laser conditioning on molars with ICDAS 0-2 fissures over a 12-month follow-up period. Primary outcome is sealant retention using Simonsen's criteria, while secondary outcome is caries prevention using modified USPHS criteria. The study hypothesizes that diode laser pre-treatment may improve sealant retention and enhance caries prevention by modifying enamel surface characteristics and improving sealant penetration.
Young adult Patients Aged 17-22.
Good oral hygiene (plaque index score 0 or 1).
Absence of abnormal occlusion habits (e.g. bruxism, nail biting, tooth clenching and mouth breathing).
Patients approving to participate in the study.
•Patients with known allergic or adverse reaction to the tested materials.
Systematic disease that may affect participation.
Xerostomic patients.
Parallel
phosphoric acid pretreatment
Other interventionsurface treatment with Bioactive Glass Air Abrasion giomer based fissure sealnt will be applied after surface treatment With laser
Loss of sealant's retention
Simonsen's criteria Full retention (FR) The material was fully present on the occlusal surfaces Partially lost (PL) The material was present, but as a result of either wear or loss of the material, part of a previously sealed pit or fissure, or both, was exposed- Totally lost (TL) No trace of the material was detected on the surface.
Secondary Caries
Modified USPHS ( United States Public Health Service) criteria Alpha: Absence of the caries Charlie: Presence of the caries
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