About this trial
The main goal of the project is to assess pain levels and patient comfort during the administration of a 50:50 Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen gas mixture, in comparison to the same parameters under the standard method used at our institution, which includes injecting a local anaesthetic at the site of planned puncture for central venous catheterisation.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Subjects who have not previously received Nitrous Oxide.
Subjects of both sexes, aged between 18 and 65 inclusive.
Subjects who have signed informed consent with full disclosure; no study-related procedure may begin until the subject signs the consent form.
Disqualifiers
Infection at the planned puncture site.
Pregnancy.
Intracranial hypertension.
Vitamin B12 deficiency.
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen
DrugAfter placing the patient in the appropriate supination + Trendelenburg position, the operative field (neck and subclavian region) is prepared using antiseptic measures.Five minutes before needle insertion, a mask connected to a 50:50 Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen cylinder with a flow rate of 6 liters per minute is placed on the patient's face and held by the patient. The mask has a valve that opens only when the patient creates negative pressure during inhalation.The patient is instructed to breathe spontaneously; the mask is removed once the catheter is inserted into the target vein or after cessation of painful stimulation.
Lidocaine 2% Injectable Solution
DrugAfter placing the patient in the appropriate supination + Trendelenburg position, the operative field (neck and subclavian region) is prepared using antiseptic measures. Then, under ultrasound control, the most favorable central vein for puncture is determined (v. jugularis interna or v. subclavia) and a 25-gauge needle is used to infiltrate the skin and subcutaneous tissue above the selected vein with local anesthetic. Five minutes after infiltration, puncture of the selected vein is performed using the Seldinger technique. Continuous communication with the patient is maintained throughout the procedure.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Pain Intensity During Needle Insertion
Assessed using a standard Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity.
Pain Intensity During Catheter Placement
Assessed using a standard Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity.
Pain Intensity Post-Intervention
Assessed using a standard Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity.
Secondary outcomes
Patient Anxiety Score
Assessed using a standard Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) ranging from 0 (no anxiety) to 10 (worst imaginable anxiety). Higher scores indicate greater anxiety levels.
Patient Satisfaction Score
Assessed using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) where patients rate their overall satisfaction with the anesthetic method. The scale ranges from 0 (completely unsatisfied) to 4 (completely satisfied). Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction.
Incidence of Treatment-Related Adverse Events
Percentage of participants experiencing specific adverse events, including nausea/vomiting, unpleasant dreams, paresthesias, dizziness, and euphoria, as recorded by subjective patient reports.
Sponsors and contacts
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