The COCCOS Study: a Transition Program for Young Persons With Chronic Conditions

Readiness to transition - TRAQ 6.0

The TRAQ 6.0 (Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire version 6.0) is a tool designed to assess the readiness of youth with special healthcare needs to transition from pediatric to adult healthcare systems. It evaluates self-management and self-advocacy skills across key domains. The TRAQ 6.0 Dutch Version will be used. The TRAQ 6.0 has 20 items, with a theoretical range from 20 to 100. High TRAQ scores indicate a high level of transition readiness reflecting the individual demonstrates strong self-management and self-advocacy skills, such as managing medications, appointments, insurance, and understanding their own medical condition. Higher scores suggest the youth may be ready or nearly ready for transition to adult care. Low TRAQ scores indicate low transition readiness, indicating that the youth may lack knowledge or confidence in managing aspects of their healthcare, this reflects a need for additional support, education, or targeted transition planning.

Generic Youth Patient Empowerment Scale (GYPES)

The Generic Youth Patient Empowerment Scale (GYPES) is a 15-item questionnaire designed to assess the level of empowerment in young patients with chronic conditions. Using a 5-point Likert scale, it yields a total score ranging from 15 to 75. Higher scores reflect greater empowerment, indicating that the young person feels more knowledgeable, confident, and involved in managing their healthcare, while lower scores suggest a need for additional support to strengthen self-management and engagement.

Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS)

The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) is a self-reported questionnaire designed to assess a patient's adherence to prescribed medication. It includes 8 items, with scores ranging from 0 to 8. Higher scores indicate better medication adherence, while lower scores suggest potential issues with taking medications as prescribed and may signal the need for interventions to improve adherence.

EQ-5D-5L

The EQ-5D-5L is a standardized questionnaire used to assess health-related quality of life across five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension is rated on five levels of severity, and responses are combined into a single health profile that can be converted into an index score, typically ranging from less than 0 (representing health states worse than death) to 1 (representing full health). Higher scores reflect better perceived quality of life, while lower scores indicate greater health-related challenges.

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item questionnaire used to assess levels of anxiety and depression in individuals with physical health problems. It consists of two subscales-anxiety and depression-each with 7 items, scored from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate greater levels of anxiety or depression, with scores of 0-7 considered normal, 8-10 borderline, and 11-21 indicating clinically significant symptoms.