About this trial
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate if watching videos and blowing paper pinwheels can reduce pain and fear in children undergoing venipuncture. The participant population includes hospitalized children aged 3-6 years old undergoing venipuncture for the first time.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
1. Does watching videos reduce pain and fear during venipuncture in children? 2. Does blowing paper pinwheels reduce pain and fear during venipuncture in children?
Researchers will compare a group watching videos and a group blowing paper pinwheels to a control group receiving standard care to see if these interventions reduce pain and fear.
Participants will:
* Watch their preferred cartoons on an iPad during the venipuncture process. * Blow paper pinwheels to distract themselves during the venipuncture process. * Be accompanied by a family member who will help in holding the child and providing comfort.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
aged 3-6 years.
undergoing intravenous infusion or blood draw during the hospital stay.
Disqualifiers
chronic diseases.
developmental delays or epilepsy.
difficulty speaking.
hearing or visual impairments.
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Video-watching
BehavioralParticipants will watch age-appropriate and engaging videos.
Blowing Pinwheels
BehavioralParticipants will blow pinwheels during the venipuncture procedure
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale (WBFPS) for Children's Self-Reported Pain
The Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale (WBFPS) is used to measure children's self-reported pain levels. It consists of a series of facial expressions ranging from a smiling face (0) indicating "no pain" to a crying face (10) indicating "worst pain." The child points to the face that best describes their pain.
FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale
The FLACC scale is used to measure pain in children by evaluating five criteria: Face (facial expressions), Legs (movement and positioning), Activity (overall movement and muscle tone), Cry (verbal expressions of pain), and Consolability (the child's ability to be comforted). Each criterion is scored from 0 to 2, with a total score ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate greater pain severity.
Children's Fear Scale (CFS)
The Children's Fear Scale (CFS) is used to evaluate the level of fear experienced by children during venipuncture. The scale consists of five facial expressions ranging from a neutral face (0) indicating "no fear" to a very frightened face (4) indicating "high fear." The nurse observes the child's facial expressions and assigns a score based on the child's appearance and behavior during the procedure.
Secondary outcomes
Parental State Anxiety Scale (PSAS)
The Parental State Anxiety Scale (PSAS) measures the anxiety levels of parents during their child's venipuncture procedure. The scale consists of 20 items, with each item rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much). The total score ranges from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater levels of anxiety. The scale assesses the parents' feelings of tension, nervousness, and worry in the specific context of their child's medical procedure.
Satisfaction of parents
A 0-10 scale is used to measure family members' satisfaction with the venipuncture process. After the venipuncture procedure, family members fill out this scale, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction.
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