Patients with an myofascial trigger point (MTrP) in their upper trapezius will be divided into three groups: Group A receiving MTrP injection with normal saline (control group), Group B with hypo-osmolar dextrose (5% dextrose), and Group C with hyper-osmolar dextrose (15% dextrose). Clinical outcomes and morphological changes will be measured before the injection, one hour after, one week after, two weeks after, and one month after the injection to delineate the therapeutic effects of dextrose injection for an MTrP.
1). Patients should be 20 years of age or older;
2). They are able to communicate freely;
(a). a localized tender spot in a palpable taut band of muscle fibers,
(b). recognized pain (as the usual clinical complaint) when the tender spot is compressed,
(1). acute or serious medical problems;
(2). cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorder;
(3). coagulopathy or any other bleeding disorder;
(4). taking medication of anticoagulation or antithrombolytics;
Parallel
normal saline
Other interventionInject 2 ml normal saline into a myofascial trigger point and evaluate the clinical effects before and after the injection.
Dextrose 5% in water
DrugInject 2 ml 5% dextrose into a myofascial trigger point and evaluate the clinical effects before and after the injection.
Dextrose 15% in water
DrugInject 2 ml 15% dextrose into a myofascial trigger point and evaluate the clinical effects before and after the injection.
visual analog scale (VAS)
To measure the pain intensity of a myofascial trigger point. The minimum value is 0, and the maximum value is 10, and higher scores mean worse outcome (more painful).
visual analog scale (VAS)
To measure the pain intensity of a myofascial trigger point. The minimum value is 0, and the maximum value is 10, and higher scores mean worse outcome (more painful).
visual analog scale (VAS)
To measure the pain intensity of a myofascial trigger point. The minimum value is 0, and the maximum value is 10, and higher scores mean worse outcome (more painful).
visual analog scale (VAS)
To measure the pain intensity of a myofascial trigger point. The minimum value is 0, and the maximum value is 10, and higher scores mean worse outcome (more painful).
pressure pain threshold (PPT)
To measure the change of pressure pain threshold of a myofascial trigger point. The minimum value is 0 Kg/cm2, the maximum value is 5 Kg/cm2, and higher scores mean better outcome (less painful).
pressure pain threshold (PPT)
To measure the change of pressure pain threshold of a myofascial trigger point. The minimum value is 0 Kg/cm2, the maximum value is 5 Kg/cm2, and higher scores mean better outcome (less painful).
pressure pain threshold (PPT)
To measure the change of pressure pain threshold of a myofascial trigger point. The minimum value is 0 Kg/cm2, the maximum value is 5 Kg/cm2, and higher scores mean better outcome (less painful).
pressure pain threshold (PPT)
To measure the change of pressure pain threshold of a myofascial trigger point. The minimum value is 0 Kg/cm2, the maximum value is 5 Kg/cm2, and higher scores mean better outcome (less painful).
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