In the literature, assessment questionnaires related to dyspnea measure beliefs about breathing-related symptoms but do not directly measure breath awareness. For this purpose, the Breath Vigilance Questionnaire (BVQ) is a subjective questionnaire developed from the Pain Awareness Questionnaire that directly measures breath-specific awareness and includes questions evaluating the interaction between conscious monitoring and control of breathing and anxiety. The questionnaire, consisting of 6 questions, was developed on healthy individuals and its validity and reliability were established. It uses a 5-point Likert scale from 1 (never) to 5 (always), with scores ranging from 6 to 30, and higher scores indicate higher breath awareness .
The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Breath Vigilance Questionnaire will assist researchers in assessing dysfunctional breathing and developing treatment strategies by evaluating breath awareness. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version.
individuals without a self-reported diagnosis of respiratory and/or cardiac problems
individuals without a COVID-19 diagnosis and/or chronic COVID syndrome ("long COVID") within the last 3 months (primary respiratory dysfunction is excluded as we are dealing with this)
individuals who can read and write in Turkish
Individuals with symptomatic heart disease, a history of lung surgery, neurological disorders, and malignancies that may affect exercise performance, and those with severe cognitive impairment who have difficulty understanding and completing the questionnaire items will be excluded from the study.
Healthy Participants
Other
Prospective
Survey using a questionnaire.
Other interventionsurvey questions
Nijmegan Questionnaire
the Nijmegan Questionnaire, whose Turkish validity and reliability were established by Aslıhan et al., is the most frequently used test for the subjective assessment of dysfunctional respiration. The questionnaire, which allows for the evaluation and description of unexplained respiratory symptoms and signs of hyperventilation, consists of 16 items related to different systems such as cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and psychological factors, answered on a 5-point scale from 0 (never) to 4 (very often). A score greater than 23 indicates respiratory dysfunction. It has a sensitivity and specificity of 91% and 95%, respectively, regarding the clinical diagnosis of hyperventilation.
STAI
The Turkish translation of the scale, for which validity and reliability studies have been conducted, includes the State Anxiety Scale section, which aims to assess sudden changes in emotional reactions, and the Trait Anxiety Scale section, which aims to measure the persistence of anxiety that a person generally tends to experience. The 20-item questions in both sections are evaluated using a four-point Likert scale ranging from "Never" to "Completely". For the study, Form 2 will be used, with reference to the original article. In the scoring system, which ranges from 20 to 80 points, lower values indicate low anxiety levels and higher values indicate high anxiety levels.
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