Hpv

Background: * Infections caused by viruses are common causes of illnesses: the common cold, many ear infections, sore throats, chicken pox, and the flu are caused by different viruses. Usually, these illnesses last only few days or, at most, a few weeks. Some virus infections like influenza are cleared from the body, and others such as the chicken pox virus remain in the body in an inactive state. However, some people may become quite ill when they are infected with a particular virus, possibly because part of their immune system does not respond properly to fight the virus. * Researchers have discovered some reasons why a person may not be able to clear an infection caused by a virus. Some persons have changes in the genes that involve the immune system that result in the inability to properly control infection with a particular virus. Identifying changes in genes that involve the immune system should help scientists better understand how the immune system works to protect people from infection and may help develop new therapies. Objectives: * To study possible immune defects that may be linked to a particular severe viral infection. * To determine if identified immune defects are genetic in origin. Eligibility: * Individuals of any age who have or have had a diagnosis of a virus infection that physicians consider to be unusually severe, prolonged, or difficult to treat. * Relatives of the participants with a severe viral infection may also participate in the study. We will use their blood and/or skin specimens to try to determine if identified immune defects are hereditary. Design: * Prior to the study, the participant's doctor will give researchers the details of the infection, along with medical records for review. Eligible participants will be invited to the NIH Clinical Center for a full evaluation as an outpatient or inpatient. * At the Clinical Center, participants will be treated with the best available therapy for the particular viral infection, and researchers will monitor how the infection responds to the treatment. * Researchers will take intermittent blood samples and conduct other tests (such as skin biopsies) to evaluate the immune system. - During and after the illness, researchers will conduct follow-up visits to determine the course of infection and response to therapy.

Cervical cancer disproportionately affects women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly women living with HIV (WLWH) who have a 6-fold increased risk of cervical cancer compared to women in the general population. Thermal ablation (TA) is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to treat cervical precancerous lesions, although its efficacy can be suboptimal in WLWH. The proposed study will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a two-probe TA technique (endocervical and ectocervical probes) and whether this approach improves treatment outcomes among WLWH compared to one (ectocervical) probe. This innovation has the potential to significantly enhance cervical cancer prevention efforts in high-burden settings. It will also contribute towards achieving the 90-70-90 goals of the WHO strategy for accelerated elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem by 2030.

Cervical cancer disproportionately affects women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly women living with HIV (WLWH) who have a 6-fold increased risk of cervical cancer compared to women in the general population. While thermal ablation (TA) is a WHO- recommended treatment for cervical precancerous lesions, its efficacy can be suboptimal in WLWH. We will also conduct a feasibility treatment cohort study of up to 300 Zimbabwean WLWH to provide evidence for a larger treatment effectiveness study. The proposed study will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a two-probe TA technique (endocervical and ectocervical probes) and whether this approach improves treatment outcomes among WLWH compared to one (ectocervical) probe. This innovation has the potential to significantly enhance cervical cancer prevention efforts in high-burden settings and to contribute towards achieving the 90-70-90 goals of the World Health Organization's (WHO) strategy for accelerated elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem by 2030.

This study looks at a digital platform that supports HPV vaccination in schools. The goal is to see if it is useful, easy to use, and practical in real school settings, especially in areas where fewer people get vaccinated. Researchers will give Year 5 pupils (aged 11-12) and their parents or caregivers access to the platform. It provides clear, trusted information about the HPV vaccine for young people, parents, and school nurses. The aim is to make the vaccine easier to understand and to help answer any questions or concerns. After using the platform, participants will be asked to share their thoughts.

Cervical cancer is a highly preventable public health issue that significantly impacts women's quality of life. Although effective screening programs such as Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) testing and Pap-smears are widely available, women's participation in these early detection services often remains limited. The primary barriers to screening attendance include insufficient education, lack of information, negative beliefs, psychosocial or cultural factors, and misconceptions regarding gynecological examinations. To improve screening uptake, health interventions must focus not only on increasing knowledge but also on promoting correct beliefs and positive attitudes toward testing. Web-based health education serves as an effective method to overcome barriers such as cost, transportation difficulties, and geographical limitations, allowing wider access to healthcare guidance. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a specialized web-based educational intervention on women's attitudes and beliefs regarding the HPV test. The research is designed as a randomized controlled trial with a pre-test and post-test design. Participants will be assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive structured health education through a dedicated web platform, while the control group will receive routine standard follow-up. Data will be gathered using a specific attitude and belief scale before and after the application to measure the intervention's impact.

Each year in the U.S., ≥20,000 women and 14,000 men are affected by HPV-related cancers, including cervical and oropharyngeal cancer. However, in 2020, only 59% of U.S. adolescents aged 13-17 were up-to-date for HPV vaccination, and rates for 11-12 year olds, the primary target age group for HPV vaccination (when the immune reaction is better and before exposure to HPV infection), are even lower. Standing orders (written protocols that authorize designated members of the healthcare team to vaccinate without first obtaining a patient-specific physician order) have been shown to work in inpatient settings and for adults, but have not been evaluated for HPV vaccine, which some parents consider controversial. Also, the ways in which organizational readiness for change (resources, motivation, staff attributes, leadership support and culture) moderate the effect of standing orders has not been studied. A physician's recommendation is correlated with HPV vaccine acceptance, and the investigators have developed a successful online, interactive, communication education program that will be adapted to train nurses and staff in addition to physicians. The investigators propose testing standing orders for HPV vaccine in an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) in Western New York, and assessing which provider and practice factors moderate the effect of standing orders. Advantages of this setting include a diverse group of rural, urban and suburban practices, and the ACO provides data infrastructure and analytics that allow practices to evaluate vaccination rates in real time. Using a 2-arm cluster randomized trial (n=40 practices), the investigators will assess the effectiveness of standing orders (SO) + HPV communication education (intervention arm) relative to HPV communication education alone (control arm) on HPV vaccination for 9-17 year-olds.

This study evaluates whether different types of digital health communication can increase parents' intention to vaccinate their daughters against human papillomavirus (HPV) in Nigeria. HPV vaccination is recommended for girls aged 9-14 years and helps prevent cervical cancer, yet vaccination rates remain low. Parents of eligible, unvaccinated girls will be randomly assigned to receive one of several types of digital content delivered online. These include: (1) a short chatbot conversation based on motivational interviewing principles, (2) an interactive game designed to help parents recognize and resist common forms of vaccine misinformation, (3) a set of short edutainment videos about HPV vaccination, (4) standard informational infographics about HPV vaccination from a national public health agency, or (5) unrelated health content about menstruation. The main outcome is parents' self-reported intention to vaccinate their daughter against HPV, measured immediately and one week after exposure to the assigned content. Additional outcomes include HPV-related knowledge, perceptions of vaccine safety, willingness to recommend the vaccine to others, and self-reported vaccine uptake at 1-week and 6 month follow-up. The results will help inform scalable communication strategies to improve HPV vaccination uptake in low- and middle-income settings.

This proposed study aims to conduct timely research that promotes vaccine confidence and vaccination of one strongly recommended vaccine with suboptimal uptake rates: Human papillomavirus (HPV) in vulnerable and underserved youth aged 11-14.

This study aims to learn more about anal cancer risk in men who have sex with men (MSM) who are using Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV. Specifically, we want to check how common High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (HSIL) are in this group, how well anal swabs can screen for these lesions, and how having HSIL affects their quality of life. We'll also test if DNA methylation testing can give us extra information about the lesions. The main questions the study aims to answer are: * How common are HSIL in MSM using PrEP? * How accurate are anal swabs for detecting HSIL in this group? * How does having HSIL affect the quality of life of MSM using PrEP? * Can DNA methylation testing help improve our understanding of HSIL in these individuals? Participants will: * Answer questions about their health and quality of life. * Have an anal smear collected for testing. * Undergo High-Resolution Anoscopy (HRA) to check for HSIL and get a biopsy if deemed necessary.

Based on the biopsychosocial (BPS) medical model, this study focuses on HPV vaccination behavior among adolescent females. It aims to explore the influence of multidimensional factors-including biological characteristics, psychological factors, and family and social environments-on vaccination behavior, and to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive HPV vaccination intervention program designed for joint participation by adolescents and their parents. This study employs a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group design. Participants-girls and adolescents aged 9-17 who are scheduled to receive or have not yet completed HPV vaccination, along with their primary caregivers-were recruited from our hospital and collaborating pediatric/maternal and child health institutions both domestically and internationally. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to an intervention group and a control group. In addition to routine vaccination clinic counseling, the intervention group received a comprehensive HPV vaccination intervention program based on the BPS model, including: structured health education materials (illustrated booklets/short videos); structured communication and shared decision-making support in the clinic setting; continuous information dissemination and vaccination reminders via platforms such as WeChat; and personalized follow-up and Q\&A sessions for families with high vaccine hesitancy; The control group received standard routine education and vaccination services. The primary outcome was the proportion of adolescents who completed the first dose of the HPV vaccine within 3 months of enrollment; secondary outcomes included the proportion completing the full vaccination series within 6 months, changes in vaccine hesitancy levels and HPV-related knowledge, changes in anxiety/depression levels among adolescents and caregivers, and changes in the quality of parent-child communication regarding health and vaccination as well as family decision-making patterns. This study is expected to identify key bio-psycho-social determinants of HPV vaccination behavior among adolescent females, validate the effectiveness of the comprehensive BPS intervention in increasing vaccination rates and improving decision-making experiences and psychosocial outcomes, and provide evidence-based guidance and scalable practical pathways for pediatric and related specialty clinics to implement adolescent vaccination health promotion and family shared decision-making services.

This project will compare the uptake of cervical cancer screening through ED HPV sampling among patients presenting to the ED.

Cervical cancer disproportionately affects women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly women living with HIV (WLWH) who have a 6-fold increased risk of cervical cancer compared to women in the general population. Thermal ablation (TA) is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to treat cervical precancerous lesions, although its efficacy can be suboptimal in WLWH. This is even more important at a time when Rwanda has launched a National Cervical Cancer Screening Program (NCCSP) with human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and treatment, mainly using TA with unknown outcomes. Therefore, we will conduct a feasibility study (C1001P-CS5) among 300 Rwandan WLWH to provide evidence needed to launch a future effectiveness study. The proposed study will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a two-probe TA technique (endocervical and ectocervical probes) and whether this approach improves treatment outcomes among WLWH compared to one (ectocervical) probe. This innovation has the potential to significantly enhance cervical cancer prevention efforts in high-burden settings. It will also contribute towards achieving the 90-70-90 goals of the WHO strategy for accelerated elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem by 2030. Rwanda hopes to achieve this goal early, in 2027 under Mission 2027.

The purpose of this study is to find out if lower doses of radiation may help reduce the side effects of radiation therapy in combination with standard-of-care chemotherapy in people with HPV-positive throat cancer. The chemotherapy drugs used in this study include cisplatin, carboplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (5- FU), paclitaxel and abraxane- (Albumin-bound Paclitaxel).

The current standard treatment option for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) or p16-positive oropharyngeal cancer is full-dose radiation combined with chemotherapy. Results with chemotherapy combined with full-dose radiation therapy leads to high rates of cure; this has called into question whether therapy can be decreased in intensity since both chemotherapy and radiation have long-term side effects. One approach to decrease intensity of treatment is to give radiation alone (excluding chemotherapy) and to decrease radiation therapy dose. The investigator believes that omitting chemotherapy and decreasing radiation dose both to tumor and the regions of the head and neck at highest risk of potential spread, may have no significant impact on the cancer recurring while potentially leading to fewer long-term side effects.

This study will look at whether monitoring HPV ctDNA levels is an effective way to detect cancer relapse risk in people with HPV-OPC. All participants will have recently had surgery to treat their disease, or they will be scheduled to have this surgery. In Arm A the researchers will see whether monitoring participants' HPV ctDNA levels can safely identify patients who do not need radiation therapy (RT) after surgery and whose RT can be delayed until their HPV ctDNA levels become detectable. In Arm B, the researchers will see whether patients who usually need 6-6.5 weeks of CRT can be selected by HPV ctDNA to receive 3 weeks of CRT.

The availability, effectiveness, and safety of menstrual protection represent a key public health issue. However, research on women's menstrual and sexual health remains extremely limited. Whether societal or pathological, many hypotheses are emerging regarding the effects of menstrual protection products, yet little attention has been given to the products themselves, their societal role, or their physiological and pathological consequences. Internal menstrual products, such as tampons and menstrual cups, are widely used but are subject to limited regulatory oversight, and few studies have investigated their long-term effects on vaginal health. This study aims to investigate how different types of menstrual protection influence vaginal microbiota, immune responses, and the recurrence of gynecological conditions such as bacterial vaginosis, mycosis, or dysbiosis. Biological samples (vaginal, cervical, urinary, and blood) will be collected to analyze vaginal microbiota composition and local immunity. Participants will be divided into three groups based on their main type of menstrual protection: menstrual cup users, tampon users, and external pad users. The study will compare these groups to assess potential differences in vaginal health and immune response related to menstrual product use.

The HART (HPV After chemoRadiotherapy) study is a prospective multicenter observational trial designed to evaluate the clinical utility of HPV testing in the follow-up of patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for cervical cancer. Current surveillance after CRT relies mainly on clinical examination and imaging, while the role of HPV-based molecular monitoring remains insufficiently defined. The study plans to enroll 120 patients with FIGO stage IB-IVA cervical cancer treated with primary radiotherapy with curative intent. HPV detection will be performed using two complementary approaches: PCR-based detection of HPV DNA from a cervical swab and analysis of circulating HPV tumor DNA (ctDNA) in peripheral blood. Samples will be collected before treatment and during follow-up at 3, 12, and 24 months after completion of CRT. The primary objective is to determine the sensitivity of these methods for detecting disease recurrence during a two-year follow-up period. Secondary objectives include evaluation of HPV clearance after treatment, comparison of HPV genotypes before and after therapy in cases of persistence, and comparison of the diagnostic performance of cervical HPV testing and ctDNA detection. The study aims to generate evidence supporting the integration of HPV-based molecular monitoring into routine follow-up, potentially enabling earlier detection of recurrence and more individualized surveillance strategies for patients after CRT for cervical cancer.

Participants will undergo surgical excision of OSSN at baseline and will be followed at 1 week, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months for post-surgical follow up. This study is being conduced to assess the feasibility of conducting multi-center prospective studies on surgical excision of suspected OSSN lesions in SSA in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Participants include those with HIV infection and with suspected non-invasive OSSN lesions that the AMC-certified ophthalmologist determines can be resected with 3 mm clinical margins, sparing involvement of the superior and inferior fornices and 6 clock hours of the corneal scleral limbus.

Cervical cancer disproportionately affects women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly women living with HIV (WLWH) who have a 6-fold increased risk of cervical cancer compared to women in the general population. Thermal ablation (TA) is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to treat cervical precancerous lesions, although its efficacy can be suboptimal in WLWH. In Kenya, the estimated incidence rate of cervical cancer is 31-33 per 100,000 women per year among women without HIV and approximately 70-100 per 100,000 among WLWH. The proposed study will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a two-probe TA technique (endocervical and ectocervical probes) and whether this approach improves treatment outcomes among WLWH compared to one (ectocervical) probe. This innovation has the potential to significantly enhance cervical cancer prevention efforts in high-burden settings. It will also contribute towards achieving the 90-70-90 goals of the WHO strategy for accelerated elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem by 2030.

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the safety and efficacy of Papillex® on the regression of abnormal cervical cells caused by HPV in women with a cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 or 2 diagnosis. The main question it aims to answer is: Is there a difference in the proportion of participants with a regression in CIN based on histology or cytology from baseline at day 180 between Papillex® and placebo? Participants will be asked to consume Papillex® or placebo for 180 days, complete questionnaires, a PAP smear, HPV test, and colonoscopy (where applicable).

The purpose of this study is to assess the objective response rate following neoadjuvant therapy with volrustomig, paclitaxel, and carboplatin in previously untreated human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma .

Cervical cancer is a disease that is preventable through vaccination against the virus that causes it, human papillomavirus (HPV), and through screening and treatment of cervical disease before it becomes cancet.

Comunity health actions are set up in populations of women aged 30 to 65 in vulnerable situations living in the outlying areas of Reunion Island. The idea is to evaluate those action on health

The aim of this study is to assess the extent of histopathological regression of severe cervical precancerous lesions (CIN 2 and CIN 3); evaluate the proportion of patients who experience the normalization of HPV test and cytology finding among those who were treated conservatively and those who underwent conization; and identify predictive parameters associated with regression. Based on this analysis, a model will be proposed to predict the likelihood of lesion regression.

The objective of the study is to develop, pilot, and analyze the effectiveness of HPV self-collection programs which will be used to follow up among women overdue for cervical cancer screening. The investigators will develop protocols for in-clinic and home-based HPV-self-collection programs and follow-up system for HPV-positive tests for community health centers and/or clinics. The program is meant to mail HPV-self-collection kits to women who are due and/or overdue for cervical cancer screening and the program is also meant to present women seen in clinic with a self-collection option for screening alongside a Pap test option. The research team will develop related informational resources on how to complete the test as well as information on screening options. The study will neither experiment nor test the effectiveness of the self-collection process nor the assay of specimens for HPV and high-risk HPV strains. It is not a clinical investigation to assess the safety or effectiveness of a medical device. The study is implementation science and seeks to find optimal ways to implement this World Health Organization recommended screening option.