Clinical trials

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in cases of hydrocephalus provide less invasive and safe technique than ventriculoperitoneal Shunt also decrease complications of ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the effect of eating behavior and snack consumption patterns among children with ADHD. The main question it aims to answer is: Does snack consumption increase insidenc and severity of ADHD?? Participants will answer survey questions about their eating behavior and snack consumption patterns.

clinical trial: The main aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Sound Therapy, both individually and in combination, in the management of patients with chronic subjective tinnitus and to evaluate their impact on decreasing tinnitus severity, psychological wellbeing and quality of life. Patients will be randomly divided into three groups: * Group A: patients will receive Sound Therapy. * Group B: patients will receive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). * Group C: patients will receive Combined CBT + Sound Therapy.

this study aims To evaluate the diagnostic performance of Ultrasound (US) in correlation with Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for the assessment, characterization, and evaluation of non-mass breast lesions. The study will investigate whether DCE-MRI improves lesions detected by characterization and diagnostic accuracy when interpreted according to the ACR BIRADS v 2025 and so may help optimize breast imaging evaluation and support clinical decision making

The goal of this observational study is to compare blood lipid (fat) levels in participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with diabetes and without diabetes and who over 20 years old. The main question this study aims to answer is: Does having diabetes make fat problems worse in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), or is there no connection between them? Researchers will compare the blood lipid (fat) levels in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who have diabetes and those without diabetes to see if having diabetes makes lipid problems worse in CKD patients, or if there is no connection between diabetes and changes in lipid levels. Participants will need to fast for 10 hours before undergoing this test. This means not eating any food or drinking anything except water. Samples will be taken and sent to laboratory immediately.

This prospective randomized double-blinded clinical trial aims to compare the efficacy and hemodynamic effects of prophylactic norepinephrine infusion versus phenylephrine infusion for prevention of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in elderly patients undergoing elective orthopedic hip surgery under subarachnoid block. Sixty-two patients aged 60 years or older will be randomly assigned into two equal groups to receive either norepinephrine infusion (8 µg/min) or phenylephrine infusion (100 µg/min) immediately after spinal anesthesia. The primary outcome is the mean heart rate during vasopressor infusion, while secondary outcomes include incidence of hypotension, severe hypotension, bradycardia, reactive hypertension, intraoperative fluid requirements, blood loss, transfusion requirements, and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Hemodynamic parameters will be monitored throughout surgery to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of both vasopressor strategies.

-Introduction Innovative technological developments in medical image interpretation, diagnostic support, risk assessment for different illnesses, outcome prognostication, and, in some cases, treatment recommendation have all been made possible by artificial intelligence (AI) (Goh et. al., 2024). The number of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) applications intended to enhance the caliber, efficacy, and efficiency of our clinical practice has increased dramatically in gastroenterology over the last 10 years. (Leggett et. al., 2024). Research on clinicians' acceptance and confidence in AI is becoming more and more crucial. This is due to the perception that healthcare workflow integration requires trust and acceptance of AI technology. Numerous studies have already shown that trust is one of the key factors influencing the use of AI in healthcare. Although there is growing clinical evidence of AI's accuracy in diagnosis and prognosis, more focus needs to be placed on physicians' level of acceptance and trust (Goh et. al., 2024). More and more patients want to take a more active role in their medical care. As a result, patients' usage of digital health care tools-both online and mobile-has skyrocketed. As of right now, it's unclear if people use symptom checkers to enhance medical guidance or if they use them to replace in-person medical care by only seeking it when directed by AI (Meyer et. al., 2022). -Aim of the work: Primary: To measure knowledge, attitudes, trust, perceived usefulness, risk perception, and willingness to use AI in gastroenterology among (a) gastroenterology clinicians and (b) GI patients. Secondary: * To compare perspectives between clinicians and patients. * To explore factors associated with higher acceptance/trust (age, prior AI exposure, digital literacy, years of practice). Patient and Methods: We will conduct a cross-sectional study. We will conduct a survey using a structured questionnaire for two parallel target populations: clinicians and patients. The questionnaire will be created by a multidisciplinary team (authors) with expertise in patient experience, cognitive psychology, psychometrics, internal medicine, and diagnostic errors. Items in the questionnaire for testing risk perception, acceptance, and trust were adapted from various other studies \[Hah et. al., 2021; Kader et. al., 2022; Goh et. al., 2024\] * Participants • Clinicians: - practicing gastroenterologists. * Ability and willingness to sign the consent form • Patients: Inclusion: -adult patients (≥18) attending GI clinics/units (inpatient or outpatient), cognitively able to complete questionnaire * Ability and willingness to sign the consent form * Ethical consideration: * The study will be approved by the local ethical committee. * Informed consent will be obtained from patients. * voluntary participation, confidentiality, right to withdraw. Questionnaire Development 1. Item generation: Based on literature and brief interviews with 8-10 clinicians and 8-10 patients. 2. Content validity: Review by a small expert panel (3-5 experts). 3. Cognitive testing: 10-15 participants from each group to ensure clarity and comprehension. 4. Pilot testing: Small sample (clinicians: \~50; patients: \~100) to refine items. * Questionnaire Domains * Demographics * Knowledge (self-rated ± short objective items) * Attitudes toward AI in GI * Trust \& risk perception * Perceived usefulness * Willingness to use AI * Barriers \& facilitators * Data Collection: Clinicians: Online survey (Google Forms). Patients: Paper or tablet-based survey in clinics. Consent obtained before participation; responses are anonymous. Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis will be conducted by SPSS. Parametric data will be expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), such as age, and will be evaluated statistically by means of Student t-test, while non-parametric data will be expressed as proportions, like male and female, and will be analyzed using chi-square. A p-value \< 0.05 will be considered significant.

Association between Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo and Vitamin D deficiency

The management of nucleus may be challenging in rocky hard cataracts. Hard cataracts are difficult to fragment, and the excessive energy required to emulsify the hard nucleus can result in complications such as corneal edema, inflammation, wound burn, posterior capsular rupture, and zonular dialysis. different surgical techniques are used for the management of hard cataracts, with their advantages and limitations. Divide and conquer with debulking is a new technique for management of rocky hard cataract. In this research we assess its safety comparing it with standard divide and conquer technique.

This observational study evaluates right ventricular dysfunction in patients with acute pulmonary embolism using transthoracic echocardiography and assesses its prognostic significance and risk stratification value.

This study evaluates corneal epithelial thickness using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in patients with refractive errors. It aims to assess the relationship between epithelial thickness patterns and different types of refractive errors.

The newly adapted definition for MASLD includes evidence for hepatic steatosis by imaging or biopsy with at least one of the five cardiometabolic criteria; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (≥23 kg/m2 in Asian) or waist circumference \>94 cm in men, \>80 cm in women, fasting serum glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL or 2 hour post load glucose level ≥ 140 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥ 5.7% or on treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus ,blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg or antihypertensive treatment, plasma triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL or on lipid lowering drug, and plasma HDL cholesterol \< 40 mg/dL for men and \< 50 mg/dL for women or on lipid lowering drug treatment (Rinella et al., 2024). These metabolic factors contribute to disease progression from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (Eid et al., 2024). While multiple biological pathways contribute to MASLD pathogenesis; systemic inflammation has emerged as a pivotal mechanism linking metabolic dysfunction to liver injury (Bessone et al., 2019)

This study aims to assess the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders among patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The study will evaluate the relationship between neuropsychiatric symptoms and disease characteristics in order to improve early recognition and patient quality of life.

Cardiovascular diseases remain the primary leading cause of death in patients on maintenance hemodialysis accounting for nearly 41% of deaths. Chronic kidney disease is associated with an excess of acquired arrhythmia of multiple types, and atrial fibrillation in particular. Sudden cardiac death is also more common in chronic kidney disease and accounts for around one- quarter of deaths in dialysis patients. The aim of the study is to evaluate the incidence, describe the patterns of cardiac arrhythmia and to determine the factors predisposing to cardiac arrhythmia in patients with chronic kidney disease with or without hemodialysis.

This study aims to evaluate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) at Sohag University Hospitals, and to identify predictors associated with renal impairment in these patients.

Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Fascia Iliaca Plane Block in Hip Surgeries as Postoperative Analgesia The aim of this study is to compare the analgesic efficacy of lumbar ElectroSpine Plane Block and Fascia Iliaca Plane Block in patients undergoing hip surgery under spinal anesthesia.

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate and compare the predictive performance of the BIG Score and the Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) in predicting mortality among pediatric trauma patients presenting to the emergency department. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the BIG Score accurately predict mortality in pediatric trauma patients? Is the Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) effective in predicting mortality among pediatric trauma patients? Which scoring system demonstrates better sensitivity, specificity, and overall predictive accuracy for mortality? Researchers will compare the BIG Score with the Pediatric Trauma Score to determine which scoring system provides superior prognostic value in pediatric trauma cases. Participants will: Undergo routine clinical assessment upon admission to the emergency department. Have vital signs, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and trauma-related clinical parameters recorded. Undergo laboratory investigations including Base Deficit and International Normalized Ratio (INR). Be followed during hospitalization to assess outcomes, including survival or mortality.

This study aims to estimate the prevalence of Metabolic dysfunction - associated Steatoic liver disease (MASLD) among adults with primary hypothyroidism (overt or sub-clinical 1ry hypothyroidism) and prevalence of MASLD in Hashimoto-thyroiditis vs Euthyroid controls in non-diabetic patients.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a laparoscopic surgery called Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) repair is safe and works well for adults with a recurrent inguinal hernia (a groin hernia that has returned after a previous operation). The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the TAPP technique lower the number of complications after surgery? How well do participants recover during the early postoperative period and long-term follow-up? Fixing a hernia that has returned is hard because of old scar tissue. In this study, researchers will use the TAPP technique to work through a different layer of tissue to provide a stronger repair. Participants will: Undergo the TAPP laparoscopic surgery for their recurrent hernia. Visit the clinic for close health monitoring shortly after surgery. Complete regular follow-up checkups to track their long-term recovery.

Internet addiction has become increasingly prevalent among medical students and may negatively affect sleep quality and academic performance. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the prevalence of internet addiction among medical students at Sohag University and evaluate its relationship with sleep quality and academic achievement using validated assessment tools.

This cross-sectional analytical study aims to assess the impact of health anxiety on quality of life (QoL) among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt. Health anxiety will be measured using the Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), and quality of life will be assessed using the Short Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12), covering both Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS). The study targets third-year (pre-clinical) and fifth-year (clinical) students selected by cluster sampling. Findings will help identify prevalence and determinants of health anxiety and its impact on QoL, informing mental health support strategies for medical students in Upper Egypt.

Detecting Accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound in detecting intraperitoneal adhesions prior to laparoscopy ( which is the gold standard to visualize adhesions ) to detect safety of 1ry trocar insertion .

Primary we will Compare the Efficacy between Dexmedetomidine and "Propofol-lidocaine" mixture in preventing the post operative emergence agitation following sevoflurane anasthesia in pediatric ophthalmic surgeries Secondary we will evaluate time of extubation, time of orientation, Hemodynamic variables, Visual analog scale ( VAS), facial expressions scale , Adverse events

This prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial evaluates the comparative effectiveness of ultrasound-guided retrolaminar block (RLB) and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A total of 100 ASA I-II patients, aged 20-60 years, will be randomly allocated into two equal groups to receive either RLB or ESPB bilaterally following induction of standardized general anesthesia. The primary outcome is the time to first request for rescue analgesia, while secondary outcomes include total morphine consumption within the first 24 hours, postoperative pain scores assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), patient satisfaction, and the incidence of adverse events. Pain assessment will be performed at predefined intervals over the first 24 hours postoperatively. The study aims to determine which technique provides superior analgesia with reduced opioid requirements and improved patient outcomes.

we will inject intralesional polidocanol 1% in keloids and hypertrophic scars to decrease vascularity and decrease size of lesion compared to intralesional steroid as standard treatment line