Nutrition

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of Early Time-Restricted Eating (eTRE) combined with a multicomponent exercise program on bone health, physical function, and fall risk in healthy older adults. A total of approximately 44 healthy adults aged 60 years and older will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group will follow an Early Time-Restricted Eating schedule combined with a structured multicomponent exercise program. The control group will not receive any dietary timing intervention or structured exercise program and will continue their usual daily lifestyle. The intervention will last for 6 months. Participants in the exercise program will perform supervised sessions including resistance training, balance exercises, aerobic activity, and flexibility exercises. The Early Time-Restricted Eating protocol will involve consuming all daily food intake within an early daytime window while maintaining usual dietary quality and adequate energy and nutrient intake. The main outcomes of the study include changes in bone mineral density, gait performance, balance, and fall risk. These outcomes will be measured at baseline and after the intervention period. This study will provide evidence on whether combining early time-restricted eating with structured exercise can improve musculoskeletal health and functional ability, and reduce fall risk in older adults.

Poniżej znajduje się bardziej płynna i mniej powtarzalna wersja tekstu: This 12-week randomized controlled trial will investigate the effects of dietary patterns with different macronutrient compositions on gut microbiota, intestinal inflammation, gene expression, and metabolic health in healthy adults. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three dietary interventions: a ketogenic diet (KD), a vegetarian diet (VD), or a control diet (CD) reflecting their habitual mixed dietary pattern. Adherence to the assigned diet will be monitored through dietary records and regular nutritional counseling. The study will evaluate changes in gut microbiota composition, inflammatory biomarkers, transcriptomic profiles, and blood biochemical parameters associated with lipid and glucose metabolism. Blood and stool samples will be collected at predefined time points throughout the intervention, while participants in the KD group will additionally undergo ketone monitoring to assess dietary compliance. By comparing the ketogenic and vegetarian diets with a standard mixed diet, this study aims to determine their effects on gut health, metabolic function, and systemic inflammation, thereby providing evidence to inform dietary recommendations. Ta wersja eliminuje powtórzenia ("diet", "study", "monitor", "effects"), jest bardziej naturalna stylistycznie i odpowiada standardowi językowemu publikacji w czasopismach z zakresu żywienia i medycyny.

The goal of this study is to examine what type of front-of-package label (FOPL) would be most effective at discouraging consumption of products high in nutrients of concern in Indonesia. The main questions this experiment aims to answer are: 1. Would nutrient warning labels be more effective at discouraging consumption of products high in nutrients of concern compared to the Nutri-Level label? 2. Would nutrient warning labels improve consumers' ability to identify unhealthy products compared to the Nutri-Level label? Additionally, this experiment also aims to determine how should nutrient warning labels be designed to most effectively discourage consumption of products high in nutrients of concern among Indonesian consumers.

Scientific context The increase in the consumption of unhealthy food coupled with a suboptimal consumption of healthier options have increased the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD) worldwide. Among other public policies to address the rise in NCD -such as front of pack labelling, regulation of food and beverages in schools, marketing regulations targeted to children- taxation has been recognized as a cost-effective strategy to reduce consumption of taxed products. Although subsidies have been used to reduce food insecurity, with the rise in NCD associated with unhealthy diets, studies have explored the feasibility of combining subsidies to incentivize the consumption healthy food with taxes on unhealthy options. The impact of prices on dietary behaviour of consumers has been demonstrated in experimental designs as well as in economic analysis of observational data on purchases. Although some experimental studies have been used to study the impact of taxation and subsidies among specific populations in France, none has evaluated the impact in the general population. Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of implementing taxes on unhealthy food and beverages and subsidies to healthy food, separately and combined, on the nutritional quality of purchases, overall and by income level, in an experimental online supermarket. Intervention description: The intervention includes taxation of lower nutritional quality products (identified using the front-of-pack nutrition label Nutri-Score - classes D and E) and/or subsidies for products of higher nutritional quality (identified as raw products or Nutri-Score A and B). Design The intervention will be a parallel arm randomized trial stratified by income against a control situation with no changes in prices and the presence of the Nutri-Score on-pack for all pre-packed products in all interventions (control, taxes and subsidies). Expected public health impact: This study will allow to investigate the potential synergistic effect on the nutritional quality of food choices of combining taxation and income-based subsidies in a context of social inequalities in rising non-communicable disease associated with poor diets. Following a proportional universalism perspective, income-based subsidies can mitigate the regressivity of taxation according to income. As no countries have implemented this combination of fiscal policies to improve diets, the results of this study will contribute to the scientific knowledge on the topic and will provide preliminary results to decision makers.

The Canadian Critical Care Comparative Effectiveness Platform(e) d'Évaluation Clinique Comparée en soins Critiques (CEPEC) is an international multi-centered randomized adaptive platform clinical trial. CEPEC will evaluate supportive care interventions that are used routinely in intensive care units throughout the world.

The goal of this Nutrition for Precision Health (NPH) powered by All of Us research study is to develop Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) algorithms that predict individual responses to diet patterns using rich multimodal data streams collected across multiple domains (e.g., behavior, social, environmental, clinical and molecular biomarkers). NPH includes a large phenotyping cohort (Module 1, N=8000) and two separate follow-up groups drawn from a subset of Module 1participants. One group (Module 2, N=1200) receives three distinct diets in a 14-day crossover sequence, with at least a 14-day washout period between diets, while living in their own homes. A second group (Module 3, N=150) receives the same three diets under full-time supervision in a residential research setting. We will train and test AI/ML models to predict 0-4 hour postprandial response curves for glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and GLP-1, to the standardized diet-specific meal test (DSMT) collected after each of the three different diets delivered in Module 2. Each diet functions as a controlled stimulus to reveal biological features (such as individual variables, patterns, or clusters of measurements) that best predict a person's response. The Module 2 DSMT response curves are the primary outcomes (dependent variables) for AI/ML algorithms that predict individual responses to diet patterns. As a secondary objective, NPH will evaluate the validity and acceptability of technology-based dietary assessment tools. The Automated Self-Administered 24-hour recall (ASA24), Automatic Ingestion Monitor-2 (AIM-2), and the mobile food record (mFR) will be evaluated in Modules 2 and 3, and the ASA24 food record and the image-assisted ASA24 recall will be evaluated only in Module 3. Total energy intake, macronutrient and dietary fiber intake data are the main outcomes for validity testing compared against measures of actual intake. Acceptability will be determined from feedback surveys.

This prospective cohort study examines the relationship between maternal methyl-nutrient status during pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment. It integrates maternal dietary, biomarker, genetic, and microbiome data and follows children up to 24 months.

The goal of this study is to learn whether eating a small serving of almonds before meals can improve blood sugar control in adults who have early signs of problems with blood sugar regulation. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does eating almonds before a meal reduce the rise in blood sugar after eating? 2. Do some people consistently benefit more than others from eating almonds before meals?

Small Quantity Lipid-based Nutrient Supplements (SQ-LNS), are fortified, lipid-based nutritional supplements that were specifically designed for children 6-24 months to prevent malnutrition. Recent research has shown reductions in mortality, severe wasting, severe stunting, iron deficiency anemia, and developmental delays. SQ-LNS is currently available in individual daily dose packets of 20g. Healthy children age 6-24 months receive 1 packet per day (1dp), and are typically given a 1- or 2- month supply at a time (30-60 packets). Recently, Nutriset Développement has developed a new packaging design for SQ-LNS that reduces the cost by over 15% overall, through production efficiency with 40% less packaging, and improved transportation efficiency by 20%. This new packaging is a 140g packet that will allow 20g to be dispensed daily for 7 days (7dp). The packaging has a chamber that will allow for accurate 10g dosing (either twice daily, or twice at once). Users of the packaging will also be able to close the spout to minimize risk of microbiological contamination. Edesia Nutrition is working with Nutriset to conduct field testing of this new packaging for SQ-LNS, and this mixed-methods study in North Shoa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, will help inform recommendations for the future use of the package. The study seeks to determine (1) the acceptability of integrating SQ-LNS distribution into the malnutrition program; (2) whether adherence to the 2 different package types differs, and if there are differences in usage; (3) and how the packages perform over time, their perceived safety and functionality, and how they are stored. Educational and communication tools will be developed and pre-tested as part of this study, and will become part of the final deliverable package to Edesia Nutrition, in addition to final recommendations on the product packaging, findings about how the packages are used, and behavior change and nutrition education strategies. The primary outcome of the quantitative evaluation will be adherence, calculated as the number of delivered doses of SQ-LNS divided by the number of expected doses per week (7). Adherence will be measured via weekly self-report via caregiver interview and counts of return of used and unused packages during weekly home visits. The percentage of children who receive a dose during structured observation periods will be calculated. Each adherence outcome will be analyzed separately.

The aim of this randomised controlled trial is to investigate the effects of plant foods on gastrointestinal and cardiometabolic health in healthy adults aged 30-70 years old. The main question it will answer is "what is the effect of plant foods on alpha-diversity of the gut microbiota?". Researchers will compare two diets containing plant foods to see if they have different effects on gastrointestinal and cardiometabolic health. Participants will be asked to replace all their meals, snacks and drinks with those provided by the study team for four weeks (6 days/week). Participants will also be asked to attend the research facility on three occasions to: * Provide a blood sample * Provide a urine sample * Provide a stool sample * Have their body composition assessed * Have an ultrasound of their artery (arm) * Have their blood pressure measured * Answer questionnaires related to dietary intake, mental health, physical activity, quality of life, diet acceptability and adherence

Low-glycemic index (GI) carbohydrates help prevent type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease by reducing postprandial glucose, insulin spikes, inflammation, and triglyceride synthesis. They improve weight, lipid profiles, and vascular health. Our study will compare functional low-GI vs. standard wholegrain carbs in a Mediterranean diet to assess their effect on the Triglycerides-Glucose Index, a marker of metabolic and cardiovascular risk, in subjects with suboptimal triglyceride levels.

There are few public health and educational policies specifically aimed at promoting physical activity, healthy dietary habits, and reducing sedentary behaviour among adolescents from socially disadvantaged backgrounds. ePro-Schools will co-design, pilot and evaluate an evidence-based program, delivered via a modular eHealth platform, to promote physical activity and healthy eating, and reduce time in sedentary behaviours. A profound co-creation process involving adolescents, school staff, and policymakers-alongside the adaptation of previous interventions by consortium members-will support the program's development. The ePro-Schools platform will contain modules for adolescents and their parents, teachers and school administration. Although the platform will be implemented through schools, it will include content to be implemented outside the school setting. The intervention program will be evaluated through a randomised controlled trial conducted in six secondary schools in Central Catalonia that aims to include 1000 adolescents. Schools have been randomised (1:1) into an intervention and a waiting-list control group. The evaluation of the program includes effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and process evaluation. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and eating habits are the primary effectiveness outcomes of the trial. Secondary outcomes include fitness, water consumption, quality of life, depressive symptoms, social isolation and sleep quality. Using implementation science methodology, ePro-Schools will co-design transferable evidence-based practices and methodologies and guidance for scaling up the platform with policymakers and stakeholders, as well as informing specialists, policymakers and the general public.

This study aims to examine the effects of added sugar warning labels for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) on explicit weight bias and body weight attributional judgements. Participants will be assigned to view either control labels or added sugar warning labels applied on SSBs in an experimental store. Participants will shop for beverages in the store and take a computer survey during four visits to the store, spaced approximately one week apart.

The overall objective of this study is to determine the effects of ingesting protein that slowly releases amino acids into the blood vs. a control product on how our muscles regulate the synthesis of new proteins, termed muscle protein synthesis (MPS), in healthy volunteers.

The main objectives of this study were :(1) to comprehensively and systematically evaluate the nutritional status of patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (2) to explore the effect of nutritional factors on the prognosis of patients treated by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

The purpose of this pilot study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of an app-based sleep program designed to help firefighters improve their sleep.

The goal of this comparative effectiveness trial is to compare how three different approaches to overcome barriers to resources and provide nutrition and physical activity counseling improve maternal healthy weight in pregnancy and postpartum. The main question it aims to answer is which of the two multi-level, multi-component interventions has greater effectiveness in reducing maternal postpartum weight retention at 12-months postpartum. Hypothesis (primary): Both multi-level, multi-component interventions will have greater effectiveness reducing maternal postpartum weight retention at 12-months postpartum than the usual care group. Hypothesis (secondary): The community-based intervention will have greater effectiveness than the self-management intervention. Participants will be asked to participate in one of the study interventions from early pregnancy until 12 months postpartum and complete five research visits. General procedures include completion of: * Questionnaires * Dietary recalls * In-depth interviews * Anthropometric measurements * Collection of blood via finger stick or blood panel

This will be a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. Participants who are poor sleepers will be randomised to receive one of two investigational supplements, or a placebo control supplement, over a 28-day period. At baseline and following 28 days of consumption, sleep quality, gut microbiome profiles, cognitive performance, and mood will be assessed. Sleep outcome measures will also be assessed throughout the supplementation period to monitor the time course of any observed changes. A final data set of at least 66 participants is expected.

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the impact of a home-delivered foods and kitchen skills program on health and nutrition in adults with high blood pressure and food insecurity. Researchers will compare Food Resources \& Kitchen Skills (FoRKS) and Enhanced Usual Care (EUC) to evaluate the effects on mean systolic blood pressure (SPB), HbA1c, food security and nutrition. Participants will complete 24-hr blood pressure monitoring, standard blood pressure measurements, weight, finger stick for A1c point-of-care testing, and questionnaires.

This study aims to investigate performance differences between collegiate cheerleaders and dancers classified as normal weight obese and those classified as normal weight lean. The study will assess differences in physical performance, lifestyle behaviors, muscle quality, and nutrition-related factors between groups. Performance testing, body composition assessment, and questionnaire-based measures will be used to characterize these relationships.

This study aims to investigates the relationships between body composition, sleep, diet, and physical fitness in ROTC cadets. Further, it aims to evaluate the accuracy of body composition screening methods and identify lifestyle factors linked to performance. Methods include body composition testing, surveys, accelerometry, and fitness score collection from cadets.

Considering the promising effects observed and the scarce and incipient scientific background of SFN in sports, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of SFN supplementation on fatigue, EIMD and recovery in trained individuals. In particular, outcomes such as time to exhaustion (TTE), and perceptual questionnaires of muscle soreness, recovery, and fatigue will be assessed, aiming to explore the effectiveness of SFN.

The association between nutrition in early life and its long-term health consequences has long been known. However, there is a scarcity of scientific evidence on how nutritional status affects child growth and development in remote, rural agro-pastoral communities with distinct dietary intake habits, geographical location, socio-economic status, and cultures.

This is a randomized controlled experimental study evaluating the effects of oral motor intervention and chronobiological approach to feeding model applied to preterm infants on feeding readiness, transition to total oral feeding and body weight.

It is crucial to promptly identify nutritional issues in these patients within the community and provide them with dietary guidance, nutritional counseling, and support. This study will be conducted in communities in Chengdu, Sichuan. Community management teams will register oncology patients, collecting information such as demographic data, tumor type, stage, specific treatment plan, treatment hospital, regularity of hospital admissions, and frequency of independent smartphone use. Registered patients will be screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. For those who meet the criteria, the community management team will contact them and recommend the use of a dedicated app developed by the research team. An initial nutritional assessment will also be conducted. Patients identified with nutritional risks will be directly referred to the research team's clinical nutritionists for face-to-face consultations. After additional tests, such as body composition analysis, necessary nutritional education and stepwise nutritional interventions will be provided. These patients will also use the app for dietary monitoring and nutritional guidance. For patients without nutritional risks, the app will be recommended for daily questionnaire completion and activity tracking.